rb.c

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64:f20d97d852ce 65:58e382ae97cd
1 /*
2 Generic C code for red-black trees.
3 Copyright (C) 2000 James S. Plank
4
5 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
6 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
7 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
8 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9
10 This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
13 Lesser General Public License for more details.
14
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
16 License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
17 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
18 */
19 /* Revision 1.2. Jim Plank */
20
21 /* Original code by Jim Plank (plank@cs.utk.edu) */
22 /* modified for THINK C 6.0 for Macintosh by Chris Bartley */
23
24 #include <string.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <stdlib.h>
27 #include <ctype.h>
28 #include "rb.h"
29
30 static void mk_new_int(Rb_node l, Rb_node r, Rb_node p, int il);
31 static Rb_node lprev(Rb_node n);
32 static Rb_node rprev(Rb_node n);
33 static void recolor(Rb_node n);
34 static void single_rotate(Rb_node y, int l);
35 static void rb_print_tree(Rb_node t, int level);
36 static void rb_iprint_tree(Rb_node t, int level);
37
38
39 #define isred(n) (n->s.red)
40 #define isblack(n) (!isred(n))
41 #define isleft(n) (n->s.left)
42 #define isright(n) (!isleft(n))
43 #define isint(n) (n->s.internal)
44 #define isext(n) (!isint(n))
45 #define ishead(n) (n->s.head)
46 #define isroot(n) (n->s.root)
47 #define setred(n) n->s.red = 1
48 #define setblack(n) n->s.red = 0
49 #define setleft(n) n->s.left = 1
50 #define setright(n) n->s.left = 0
51 #define sethead(n) n->s.head = 1
52 #define setroot(n) n->s.root = 1
53 #define setint(n) n->s.internal = 1
54 #define setext(n) n->s.internal = 0
55 #define setnormal(n) { n->s.root = 0; n ->s.head = 0; }
56 #define sibling(n) ((isleft(n)) ? n->p.parent->c.child.right \
57 : n->p.parent->c.child.left)
58
59 static void insert(Rb_node item, Rb_node list) /* Inserts to the end of a list */
60 {
61 Rb_node last_node;
62
63 last_node = list->c.list.blink;
64
65 list->c.list.blink = item;
66 last_node->c.list.flink = item;
67 item->c.list.blink = last_node;
68 item->c.list.flink = list;
69 }
70
71 static void delete_item(Rb_node item) /* Deletes an arbitrary iterm */
72 {
73 item->c.list.flink->c.list.blink = item->c.list.blink;
74 item->c.list.blink->c.list.flink = item->c.list.flink;
75 }
76
77 #define mk_new_ext(new, kkkey, vvval) {\
78 new = (Rb_node) malloc(sizeof(struct rb_node));\
79 new->v.val = vvval;\
80 new->k.key = kkkey;\
81 setext(new);\
82 setblack(new);\
83 setnormal(new);\
84 }
85
86 static void mk_new_int(Rb_node l, Rb_node r, Rb_node p, int il)
87 {
88 Rb_node newnode;
89
90 newnode = (Rb_node) malloc(sizeof(struct rb_node));
91 setint(newnode);
92 setred(newnode);
93 setnormal(newnode);
94 newnode->c.child.left = l;
95 newnode->c.child.right = r;
96 newnode->p.parent = p;
97 newnode->k.lext = l;
98 newnode->v.rext = r;
99 l->p.parent = newnode;
100 r->p.parent = newnode;
101 setleft(l);
102 setright(r);
103 if (ishead(p)) {
104 p->p.root = newnode;
105 setroot(newnode);
106 } else if (il) {
107 setleft(newnode);
108 p->c.child.left = newnode;
109 } else {
110 setright(newnode);
111 p->c.child.right = newnode;
112 }
113 recolor(newnode);
114 }
115
116
117 Rb_node lprev(Rb_node n)
118 {
119 if (ishead(n)) return n;
120 while (!isroot(n)) {
121 if (isright(n)) return n->p.parent;
122 n = n->p.parent;
123 }
124 return n->p.parent;
125 }
126
127 Rb_node rprev(Rb_node n)
128 {
129 if (ishead(n)) return n;
130 while (!isroot(n)) {
131 if (isleft(n)) return n->p.parent;
132 n = n->p.parent;
133 }
134 return n->p.parent;
135 }
136
137 Rb_node make_rb()
138 {
139 Rb_node head;
140
141 head = (Rb_node) malloc (sizeof(struct rb_node));
142 head->c.list.flink = head;
143 head->c.list.blink = head;
144 head->p.root = head;
145 head->k.key = "";
146 sethead(head);
147 return head;
148 }
149
150 Rb_node rb_find_key_n(Rb_node n, char *key, int *fnd)
151 {
152 int cmp;
153
154 *fnd = 0;
155 if (!ishead(n)) {
156 fprintf(stderr, "rb_find_key_n called on non-head 0x%x\n", n);
157 exit(1);
158 }
159 if (n->p.root == n) return n;
160 cmp = strcmp(key, n->c.list.blink->k.key);
161 if (cmp == 0) {
162 *fnd = 1;
163 return n->c.list.blink;
164 }
165 if (cmp > 0) return n;
166 else n = n->p.root;
167 while (1) {
168 if (isext(n)) return n;
169 cmp = strcmp(key, n->k.lext->k.key);
170 if (cmp == 0) {
171 *fnd = 1;
172 return n->k.lext;
173 }
174 if (cmp < 0) n = n->c.child.left ; else n = n->c.child.right;
175 }
176 }
177
178 Rb_node rb_find_key(Rb_node n, char *key)
179 {
180 int fnd;
181 return rb_find_key_n(n, key, &fnd);
182 }
183
184 Rb_node rb_find_ikey_n(Rb_node n, int ikey, int *fnd)
185 {
186 *fnd = 0;
187 if (!ishead(n)) {
188 fprintf(stderr, "rb_find_ikey_n called on non-head 0x%x\n", n);
189 exit(1);
190 }
191 if (n->p.root == n) return n;
192 if (ikey == n->c.list.blink->k.ikey) {
193 *fnd = 1;
194 return n->c.list.blink;
195 }
196 if (ikey > n->c.list.blink->k.ikey) return n;
197 else n = n->p.root;
198 while (1) {
199 if (isext(n)) return n;
200 if (ikey == n->k.lext->k.ikey) {
201 *fnd = 1;
202 return n->k.lext;
203 }
204 n = (ikey < n->k.lext->k.ikey) ? n->c.child.left : n->c.child.right;
205 }
206 }
207
208 Rb_node rb_find_ikey(Rb_node n, int ikey)
209 {
210 int fnd;
211 return rb_find_ikey_n(n, ikey, &fnd);
212 }
213
214 Rb_node rb_find_gkey_n(Rb_node n, char *key,int (*fxn)(char *, char *), int *fnd)
215 {
216 int cmp;
217
218 *fnd = 0;
219 if (!ishead(n)) {
220 fprintf(stderr, "rb_find_key_n called on non-head 0x%x\n", n);
221 exit(1);
222 }
223 if (n->p.root == n) return n;
224 cmp = (*fxn)(key, n->c.list.blink->k.key);
225 if (cmp == 0) {
226 *fnd = 1;
227 return n->c.list.blink;
228 }
229 if (cmp > 0) return n;
230 else n = n->p.root;
231 while (1) {
232 if (isext(n)) return n;
233 cmp = (*fxn)(key, n->k.lext->k.key);
234 if (cmp == 0) {
235 *fnd = 1;
236 return n->k.lext;
237 }
238 if (cmp < 0) n = n->c.child.left ; else n = n->c.child.right;
239 }
240 }
241
242 Rb_node rb_find_gkey(Rb_node n, char *key, int (*fxn)(char *, char *))
243 {
244 int fnd;
245 return rb_find_gkey_n(n, key, fxn, &fnd);
246 }
247
248 Rb_node rb_insert_b(Rb_node n, char *key, char *val)
249 {
250 Rb_node newleft, newright, newnode, list, p;
251
252 if (ishead(n)) {
253 if (n->p.root == n) { /* Tree is empty */
254 mk_new_ext(newnode, key, val);
255 insert(newnode, n);
256 n->p.root = newnode;
257 newnode->p.parent = n;
258 setroot(newnode);
259 return newnode;
260 } else {
261 mk_new_ext(newright, key, val);
262 insert(newright, n);
263 newleft = newright->c.list.blink;
264 setnormal(newleft);
265 mk_new_int(newleft, newright, newleft->p.parent, isleft(newleft));
266 p = rprev(newright);
267 if (!ishead(p)) p->k.lext = newright;
268 return newright;
269 }
270 } else {
271 mk_new_ext(newleft, key, val);
272 insert(newleft, n);
273 setnormal(n);
274 mk_new_int(newleft, n, n->p.parent, isleft(n));
275 p = lprev(newleft);
276 if (!ishead(p)) p->v.rext = newleft;
277 return newleft;
278 }
279 }
280
281 static void recolor(Rb_node n)
282 {
283 Rb_node p, gp, s;
284 int done = 0;
285
286 while(!done) {
287 if (isroot(n)) {
288 setblack(n);
289 return;
290 }
291
292 p = n->p.parent;
293
294 if (isblack(p)) return;
295
296 if (isroot(p)) {
297 setblack(p);
298 return;
299 }
300
301 gp = p->p.parent;
302 s = sibling(p);
303 if (isred(s)) {
304 setblack(p);
305 setred(gp);
306 setblack(s);
307 n = gp;
308 } else {
309 done = 1;
310 }
311 }
312 /* p's sibling is black, p is red, gp is black */
313
314 if ((isleft(n) == 0) == (isleft(p) == 0)) {
315 single_rotate(gp, isleft(n));
316 setblack(p);
317 setred(gp);
318 } else {
319 single_rotate(p, isleft(n));
320 single_rotate(gp, isleft(n));
321 setblack(n);
322 setred(gp);
323 }
324 }
325
326 static void single_rotate(Rb_node y, int l)
327 {
328 int rl, ir;
329 Rb_node x, yp;
330 char *tmp;
331
332 ir = isroot(y);
333 yp = y->p.parent;
334 if (!ir) {
335 rl = isleft(y);
336 }
337
338 if (l) {
339 x = y->c.child.left;
340 y->c.child.left = x->c.child.right;
341 setleft(y->c.child.left);
342 y->c.child.left->p.parent = y;
343 x->c.child.right = y;
344 setright(y);
345 } else {
346 x = y->c.child.right;
347 y->c.child.right = x->c.child.left;
348 setright(y->c.child.right);
349 y->c.child.right->p.parent = y;
350 x->c.child.left = y;
351 setleft(y);
352 }
353
354 x->p.parent = yp;
355 y->p.parent = x;
356 if (ir) {
357 yp->p.root = x;
358 setnormal(y);
359 setroot(x);
360 } else {
361 if (rl) {
362 yp->c.child.left = x;
363 setleft(x);
364 } else {
365 yp->c.child.right = x;
366 setright(x);
367 }
368 }
369 }
370
371 void rb_delete_node(Rb_node n)
372 {
373 Rb_node s, p, gp;
374 char ir;
375
376 if (isint(n)) {
377 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot delete an internal node: 0x%x\n", n);
378 exit(1);
379 }
380 if (ishead(n)) {
381 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot delete the head of an rb_tree: 0x%x\n", n);
382 exit(1);
383 }
384 delete_item(n); /* Delete it from the list */
385 p = n->p.parent; /* The only node */
386 if (isroot(n)) {
387 p->p.root = p;
388 free(n);
389 return;
390 }
391 s = sibling(n); /* The only node after deletion */
392 if (isroot(p)) {
393 s->p.parent = p->p.parent;
394 s->p.parent->p.root = s;
395 setroot(s);
396 free(p);
397 free(n);
398 return;
399 }
400 gp = p->p.parent; /* Set parent to sibling */
401 s->p.parent = gp;
402 if (isleft(p)) {
403 gp->c.child.left = s;
404 setleft(s);
405 } else {
406 gp->c.child.right = s;
407 setright(s);
408 }
409 ir = isred(p);
410 free(p);
411 free(n);
412
413 if (isext(s)) { /* Update proper rext and lext values */
414 p = lprev(s);
415 if (!ishead(p)) p->v.rext = s;
416 p = rprev(s);
417 if (!ishead(p)) p->k.lext = s;
418 } else if (isblack(s)) {
419 fprintf(stderr, "DELETION PROB -- sib is black, internal\n");
420 exit(1);
421 } else {
422 p = lprev(s);
423 if (!ishead(p)) p->v.rext = s->c.child.left;
424 p = rprev(s);
425 if (!ishead(p)) p->k.lext = s->c.child.right;
426 setblack(s);
427 return;
428 }
429
430 if (ir) return;
431
432 /* Recolor */
433
434 n = s;
435 p = n->p.parent;
436 s = sibling(n);
437 while(isblack(p) && isblack(s) && isint(s) &&
438 isblack(s->c.child.left) && isblack(s->c.child.right)) {
439 setred(s);
440 n = p;
441 if (isroot(n)) return;
442 p = n->p.parent;
443 s = sibling(n);
444 }
445
446 if (isblack(p) && isred(s)) { /* Rotation 2.3b */
447 single_rotate(p, isright(n));
448 setred(p);
449 setblack(s);
450 s = sibling(n);
451 }
452
453 { Rb_node x, z; char il;
454
455 if (isext(s)) {
456 fprintf(stderr, "DELETION ERROR: sibling not internal\n");
457 exit(1);
458 }
459
460 il = isleft(n);
461 x = il ? s->c.child.left : s->c.child.right ;
462 z = sibling(x);
463
464 if (isred(z)) { /* Rotation 2.3f */
465 single_rotate(p, !il);
466 setblack(z);
467 if (isred(p)) setred(s); else setblack(s);
468 setblack(p);
469 } else if (isblack(x)) { /* Recoloring only (2.3c) */
470 if (isred(s) || isblack(p)) {
471 fprintf(stderr, "DELETION ERROR: 2.3c not quite right\n");
472 exit(1);
473 }
474 setblack(p);
475 setred(s);
476 return;
477 } else if (isred(p)) { /* 2.3d */
478 single_rotate(s, il);
479 single_rotate(p, !il);
480 setblack(x);
481 setred(s);
482 return;
483 } else { /* 2.3e */
484 single_rotate(s, il);
485 single_rotate(p, !il);
486 setblack(x);
487 return;
488 }
489 }
490 }
491
492
493 void rb_print_tree(Rb_node t, int level)
494 {
495 int i;
496 if (ishead(t) && t->p.parent == t) {
497 printf("tree 0x%x is empty\n", t);
498 } else if (ishead(t)) {
499 printf("Head: 0x%x. Root = 0x%x\n", t, t->p.root);
500 rb_print_tree(t->p.root, 0);
501 } else {
502 if (isext(t)) {
503 for (i = 0; i < level; i++) putchar(' ');
504 printf("Ext node 0x%x: %c,%c: p=0x%x, k=%s\n",
505 t, isred(t)?'R':'B', isleft(t)?'l':'r', t->p.parent, t->k.key);
506 } else {
507 rb_print_tree(t->c.child.left, level+2);
508 rb_print_tree(t->c.child.right, level+2);
509 for (i = 0; i < level; i++) putchar(' ');
510 printf("Int node 0x%x: %c,%c: l=0x%x, r=0x%x, p=0x%x, lr=(%s,%s)\n",
511 t, isred(t)?'R':'B', isleft(t)?'l':'r', t->c.child.left,
512 t->c.child.right,
513 t->p.parent, t->k.lext->k.key, t->v.rext->k.key);
514 }
515 }
516 }
517
518 void rb_iprint_tree(Rb_node t, int level)
519 {
520 int i;
521 if (ishead(t) && t->p.parent == t) {
522 printf("tree 0x%x is empty\n", t);
523 } else if (ishead(t)) {
524 printf("Head: 0x%x. Root = 0x%x, < = 0x%x, > = 0x%x\n",
525 t, t->p.root, t->c.list.blink, t->c.list.flink);
526 rb_iprint_tree(t->p.root, 0);
527 } else {
528 if (isext(t)) {
529 for (i = 0; i < level; i++) putchar(' ');
530 printf("Ext node 0x%x: %c,%c: p=0x%x, <=0x%x, >=0x%x k=%d\n",
531 t, isred(t)?'R':'B', isleft(t)?'l':'r', t->p.parent,
532 t->c.list.blink, t->c.list.flink, t->k.ikey);
533 } else {
534 rb_iprint_tree(t->c.child.left, level+2);
535 rb_iprint_tree(t->c.child.right, level+2);
536 for (i = 0; i < level; i++) putchar(' ');
537 printf("Int node 0x%x: %c,%c: l=0x%x, r=0x%x, p=0x%x, lr=(%d,%d)\n",
538 t, isred(t)?'R':'B', isleft(t)?'l':'r', t->c.child.left,
539 t->c.child.right,
540 t->p.parent, t->k.lext->k.ikey, t->v.rext->k.ikey);
541 }
542 }
543 }
544
545 int rb_nblack(Rb_node n)
546 {
547 int nb;
548 if (ishead(n) || isint(n)) {
549 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: rb_nblack called on a non-external node 0x%x\n",
550 n);
551 exit(1);
552 }
553 nb = 0;
554 while(!ishead(n)) {
555 if (isblack(n)) nb++;
556 n = n->p.parent;
557 }
558 return nb;
559 }
560
561 int rb_plength(Rb_node n)
562 {
563 int pl;
564 if (ishead(n) || isint(n)) {
565 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: rb_plength called on a non-external node 0x%x\n",
566 n);
567 exit(1);
568 }
569 pl = 0;
570 while(!ishead(n)) {
571 pl++;
572 n = n->p.parent;
573 }
574 return pl;
575 }
576
577 void rb_free_tree(Rb_node n)
578 {
579 if (!ishead(n)) {
580 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Rb_free_tree called on a non-head node\n");
581 exit(1);
582 }
583
584 while(rb_first(n) != rb_nil(n)) {
585 rb_delete_node(rb_first(n));
586 }
587 free(n);
588 }
589
590 char *rb_val(Rb_node n)
591 {
592 return n->v.val;
593 }
594
595 Rb_node rb_insert_a(Rb_node nd, char *key, char *val)
596 {
597 rb_insert_b(nd->c.list.flink, key, val);
598 }
599
600 Rb_node rb_insert(Rb_node tree, char *key, char *val)
601 {
602 rb_insert_b(rb_find_key(tree, key), key, val);
603 }
604
605 Rb_node rb_inserti(Rb_node tree, int ikey, char *val)
606 {
607 rb_insert_b(rb_find_ikey(tree, ikey), (char *) ikey, val);
608 }
609
610 Rb_node rb_insertg(Rb_node tree, char *key, char *val,
611 int (*func)(char *, char *))
612 {
613 rb_insert_b(rb_find_gkey(tree, key, func), key, val);
614 }
615
616

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